리처드 도킨스 × 김영기: 진화와 인공지능에 관한 대화

기존 자동전사: MZ사 팀 And very honest to be here as the MC 4 the session.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I'm very honored to be here as the emcee for the session. We do have

기존 자동전사: We do you have a
원음 기반 새 자동전사: an update regarding our schedule for this session. The open session will be now a 15-minute session, wrapping up at 11.20. Please keep that in mind. We will now

I'm very honored to be here as the emcee for the session. We do have an update regarding our schedule for this session. The open session will be now a 15-minute session, wrapping up at 11.20. Please keep that in mind.

기존 자동전사: 누구 하나 Begin open sation titled a conversation with a reacher documents artificial intelligence from evolutionary prostrect. This session who will be moderate. By young guigue kim professor at the university of chicago and director ameriday of frimula.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: begin an open session titled A Conversation with Richard Dawkins, Artificial Intelligence from an Evolutionary Perspective. This session will be moderated by Yonggi Kim, professor at the University of Chicago and director emeritus of Fermilab.

기존 자동전사: Please also walk come to the stage reach our documents who is marriages professor at the university of oxford lay usen gentleman please walking them with a fig runner of a cloud.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Please also welcome to the stage Richard Dawkins, who is emeritus professor at the University of Oxford. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome them with a big round of applause. I'm

기존 자동전사: 오케이. Good morning everyone. OK 굿 Morning everyone.
원음 기반 새 자동전사:

기존 자동전사: 마남즈 영키큐 아 I'm professor of pages at the university chicago. 아 여기서 프레젠테이션 American society and directory americas uh fell me national extra radio I'm delighted to be here with you. Um you heard by the way earlier this station is a 50 minutes.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Professor of Physics at the University of Chicago and I was also President of the American Physics Society and Director Emeritus of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. I'm delighted to be here with you. As you heard by the way earlier, this session is 50 minutes and

기존 자동전사: And and there will be books timeing event. They at four o'clock so so this is the book that uh passioner uh reached the dog kinds in the will has time. So let me uh if a little introductions before we begin OK As you all know.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: there will be book signing event today at 2 o'clock. So this is the book that Professor Richard Dawkins will sign. So let me give a little bit of introductions before we begin. Okay, as you all know, the

기존 자동전사: Uh that them are you uh words not your form. This year. Is a promation um.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: theme of this World Knowledge Forum this year is a Promethean moment,

기존 자동전사: 몰라. I petecting because intelligence order Promised to use yourself game with humanity fire. A technology that transform seethligation and open the possibilities.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: architecting the co-intelligence order. Prometheus gave humanity FIRE, a technology that transformed civilization and opened the possibilities that

기존 자동전사: That had a previously been on immagic. I finally also reminds us that how to technologious. Remember extra ordinary potities.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: had previously been unimaginable. But FIRE also reminds us that powerful technologies bring both extraordinary opportunities and

기존 자동전사: And in this and responsibilities. That maybe one of that defining questions of our moments of me the atcuctur. AI 헤드 포텐셜 투 익스팬 휴먼 케파빌리티 In excellate scientific discover.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: new risks and responsibilities. That may be one of the defining questions of our moment with artificial intelligence. AI has the potential to expand human capabilities and accelerate scientific discovery.

기존 자동전사: But you also raised a difficult questions about jobs. Requality information security and the future relationship between humans and machine. So the question is not simply what AI can do but what we choose to do with it.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: But it also raises the difficult questions about jobs, inequality, information, security, and the future relationship between humans and machines. So the question is not simply what AI can do, but what we choose to do with it. And I cannot think

기존 자동전사: I can't a thing called the no better person to explore these questions with then our against fade professor reached for kids. Perplexity stockensieis is some unformed this saint the same port. Now introduction is the necessary.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: of a no better person to explore these questions with than our guest today, Professor Richard Dawkins. Professor Dawkins is someone for whom they say the same quote, No introduction is necessary, it

기존 자동전사: It was made but I try any 그렇게 해서 Dokins is that a word now and evolution nerto a biologist. And one of the words most inflancial science of communicators. End one of the most for provocated and influencial intelects of our time.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: was made, but I'll try anyway. Professor Dawkins is a world-renowned evolutionary biologist, and one of the world's most influential science communicators, and one of the most provocative and influential intellects of our time. He is an

기존 자동전사: He's an emergency panel of the new college of sports. And was the first of simonic professor for the public understanding of science and all sports. This your march the fifties university of his language the selfish gene.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: American Fellow of New College, Oxford, and was the first Simoni Professor for the public understanding of science and Oxford. This year marks the 50th anniversary of his landmark book, The Selfish Gene. The book transforms

기존 자동전사: Bubble transform how people think about revolution. By focusing on the gene. Athour united of a selection.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: how people think about evolution by focusing on the gene as a unit of selection. He

기존 자동전사: He also into use that the idea of the me. Cuttreal information that can reprecate mutate and spread. 두 대 AI congenerated and disfude information and a scale as P.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: also introduced the idea of the me, cultural information that can replicate, mutate and spread. Today, AI can generate, replicate and distribute information at a scale and speed unimaginable

기존 자동전사: Unimmessville when these galfish stream was a publish. So I wish implely witchness on excellation of a culture of a bridge evolution or I'll beginning to create a something condemented different. Four passor can't not I have a few coffee hings and com.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: when this selfish dream was published. So are we simply witnessing an acceleration of a cultural evolution, or are we beginning to create something fundamentally different? Professor Dawkins and I have a few things in common. He

기존 자동전사: He was electure of the EBS 프로그램 Cold of great mind. It was one of the first to electrors. In 2021 if you have have not reason but please.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: was a lecturer of the EBS program called The Great Minds. He was one of the first lecturers in 2021. If you have not listened, please,

기존 자동전사: Uh in watch this is a very remarkable actually taking he need. And IRP up hering on the same program this fall that starts on october twelve. He was not a sister professor at the university of California clean.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: and watch. This is a very remarkable lecture that he made. And I will be appearing on the same program this fall that starts on October 12th. He was an assistant professor at the University of California at Berkeley, and

기존 자동전사: NIA was also professor many years uh various teaching fusies. And he's a fellow of the royal society on arm I was a fortunate to receive a five years later. This you 마포 Haves a most important city we share a believe that by stating the compamental building gloss of nature we can learn great deal about larger and more complex systems.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I was also a professor many years later, teaching physics. And he is a fellow of the Royal Society, an honor I was fortunate to receive 25 years later this year. But perhaps most importantly, we share a belief that by studying the fundamental building blocks of nature, we can learn a great deal about larger and more complex systems. For him,

기존 자동전사: For him uh Perplexity documents wants road bath. The best way to look at evolution is in terms of the selection occurring at the lawyer level of the all. Today at idea may have in communications and far beyond the biology.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: the fundamental unit of natural selection, for me, fundamental unit of matter. Professor Dawkins once wrote that the best way to look at evolution is in terms of selection occurring at the lowest level of all. Today, this idea may have implications far beyond biology. We

기존 자동전사: We have moved the from gene. To country information to machines they congenerate and propoated information themselve. 소박 팬 왓 캔 에볼루션을 Teach us about AI.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: have moved from genes to cultural information to machines that can generate and propagate information themselves. So what can evolutionary theory teach us about AI and

기존 자동전사: And how can we shade this next stage of technological evolution. So they we kept her it's extra order potential while avoiding it's most of dangerous consequence. So I recorded explorering these questions with him today.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: how can we shape this next stage of technological evolution so that we capture its extraordinary potential while avoiding its most dangerous consequences. So I look forward to exploring these questions with him today. And please

기존 자동전사: And please join me in a wiffing professor reachers thoughts. So before you begin I have a question. May i call you reacher The reason is I'm Korea.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: join me in welcoming Professor Richard Dukes. So before we begin, I have a question. May I call you Richard? The reason is I'm Korean. If

기존 자동전사: If I speak Korea. I would not there to call you returns. So I want to check to make you.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I speak Korean, I would not dare to call you Richard. So I want to check to make sure.

기존 자동전사: Um then I'm serious. I take to your time and and you have a festimating. You cannot resee that you can you tell me about what.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I'm sharing your tie, and you have a fascinating pattern. You see that? So can you tell us a little bit about what the pattern is? It's a tie? Yeah. It's a DNA. So we have

기존 자동전사: 저 미안해. So a real from but this very testing and in fact you are also well known for railing. We very testing structure.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: all the students, especially over there. So that's very fascinating. And in fact, you are also well known for wearing a very fascinating structure.

기존 자동전사: 그레이트 아 So my understanding is yours. They combeted to Korea.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Great. So my understanding is that this is your second visit to Korea? Yes.

기존 자동전사: Uh yes. About nine years ago I think. I had a great time.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I visited Korea about nine years ago, I think. I had a great time. Very pleased

기존 자동전사: There's these get that kid.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: to be back here. Right.

기존 자동전사: Is there anything uh second. Caculary bememorable from from that music.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Is there anything particularly memorable from that visit? I

기존 자동전사: I think just how friendly everybody is presenting.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: think just how friendly everybody is, what a nice place it is. Right.

기존 자동전사: I hope the district also lies. Thank you. Um when I've introdused you.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I hope that this trip also is a very fantastic one. Thank you. When I introduced you earlier,

기존 자동전사: Uh earlyer just a communities of I did a mansion of they've because long least of words and honors that you have received um could you uh tell us for name one of what two or three that more minimal to you and and tell us why.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: just a few minutes ago, I didn't mention the long list of awards and honors that you have received. Could you tell us a name, one or two or three that are most meaningful to you and tell us why?

기존 자동전사: 스페셜 셰프 브라우저 소cieT which we share. Um I also was repressed to windly cause my most international price in japane. Um which is just a very validual pri
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Fellowship of the Royal Society, which we share. I also was very pleased to win the Cosmos International Prize in Japan, which is a very valuable prize. But

기존 자동전사: But you also have a belief society to find it 예스 Not the reasons that was really difficult my eye. That's because thursday's uh what of my favorite physicist. Uh he's uh incredible physics.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: you also have the Royal Society's Faraday Award. Yes. The reason that caught my eye is because Faraday is one of my favorite physicists. He is an incredible physicist.

기존 자동전사: At the same time he is a very well announceon for communicating science to the public. So uh just you're really reminding out of him so I have it. So then thank you ever been all what you do for 아 나론이 사이언스 뉴욕 사이언스 Uh how to uh approach your science and and which bore the science and science questions and and make sure that the public.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: At the same time, he is very well known for communicating science to the public. So, you really remind me of him. So, again, thank you and all what you do for not only science, your science, but really how to approach your science and much broader science and science questions and make sure that the public

기존 자동전사: Can understand. 오케이. OK 아 This year must really talked about the fifteenth university of self streams I bought down
원음 기반 새 자동전사: can understand. Okay, so now I have a number of questions that I have prepared. Okay. This year, March, we already talked about the 50th anniversary of selfish genes. I bought this English original version 50 years ago. Few scientific books have that kind of intellectual and cultural impact that this book has had. And so before that, I had learned

기존 자동전사: I heard no learn the from new last night that Korea addition Sow the more coffee is than any other translations or what they think
원음 기반 새 자동전사: from you last night that Korean edition saw more copies than any other translation. So what do you think about that? I'm

기존 자동전사: 그냥 회의 Peaks about that's uh my books have been translated into moving for your languages and of all those languages the best cellulars is carrial. This page is animal.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: very pleased about that. My books have been translated into more than 40 languages and of all those languages, the bestsellers is Korea, which pleases me very much. I'm very pleased, but do you have any sense why that's the case? No, perhaps we shall find out today. Okay, great. So

기존 자동전사: So looking back fifty years what do you think this self you got continue right?
원음 기반 새 자동전사: looking back 50 years, what do you think the selfish gene got fundamentally right? What did I...? The selfish gene, the idea that's written here, got fundamentally correct. Yes,

기존 자동전사: Yes. Is the young to selection that's the fundamental idea. If you look around.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: the gene is the unit of selection, that's the fundamental idea. If you look around the

기존 자동전사: The world look at living things the most striking thing about is that they are surrising. Machine. They are futurely program.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: world and look at living things, the most striking thing about them is that they are survival machines. They are beautifully programmed as

기존 자동전사: As if by delivered design to survive There's survival. Who benefits from this what's the beneficially of the survival machine is at the individual organizing lowest large because the individual organize dies is it the tutor on the individual overism that's guysing better that something like that. Is it the species is no smart species because animal fight other men was of the species they don't take care of the species.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: if by deliberate design to survive and to reproduce. They are survival machines, but who benefits from this? What's the beneficiary of the survival machine? Is it the individual organism? No, it's not because the individual organism dies. Is it the children of the individual organism? That's getting better. It's something like that. Is it the species? No, it's not the species because animals fight other members of the species. They don't take care of the species. is

기존 자동전사: Is it relatives they take social insects for example take care of cousins they take care of uh nepfieus a neas. They take care of branch. Children.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: it relatives they take social insects for example take care of cousins they take care of nephews and nieces they take care of grandchildren

기존 자동전사: So is something to do with relatives. You couldn't condensed that all downtown one single critering. Which is the survival of the gene.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: so it's something to do with relatives you can condense that all down to one single criterion which is the survival of the gene that takes

기존 자동전사: That takes care of everything. If you say what is really going on is that jeams that survive are the ones that survive and their ones that survive are the ones that ill bodies that making survive then you've covered the home of my that's much it's all about so the fundamental united of natural selection is the gene. That is the union which survive that is the united whose benefit it's all about
원음 기반 새 자동전사: care of everything. If you say what is really going on is that genes that survive are the ones that survive and the ones that survive are the ones that build bodies that make them survive, then you've covered the whole of life. That's what it's all about. So the fundamental unit of natural selection is the gene. That is that is the unit which survives, that is the unit whose benefit it's all about. So since

기존 자동전사: To six are this book was police uh by you. There has been a great deal of progress made on viole evolution could do um illebrate a little bit the what are the major progress made in last uh 50 years.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: this group was published by you, there has been a great deal of progress made on biology evolution. Could you elaborate a little bit what are the major progress made in the last 50 years?

기존 자동전사: Uh work before fifty years of course there was the double units and he discovery of a structure of DNA which ortamatically gave the clue to the reprecation nevernising but that revolution of nighting fifty three. Uh has possessed to this day and um I think you have more right exciting things and that links in with the fem of this of this conference of AI. Is the achievement of AI in prodicting the three dementional prompting structure.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Well, before 50 years, of course, there was the double helix and the discovery of the structure of DNA, which automatically gave a clue to the replication mechanism. But that revolution of 1953 has persisted to this day, and I think perhaps one of the most exciting things, and that links in with the theme of this conference of AI, is the achievement of AI in predicting the three-dimensional protein structure

기존 자동전사: U. Executive units of life. DNA is the unitant of actual selection The reason that DNA에서 Survive that some gens survive better and others.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: of proteins which are the the executive units of life DNA is the unit of natural selection but the reason the DNA survived that some genes survive better and others is the

기존 자동전사: Is there effects that they have on the enesiness the protemess which control everyonely development which in turn controls weather are not the genes. Survive and the important thing about a protein is it's three dometional structure cause that determines it's catalitive properties it's enginic properties and the creditional structure of a protein depends upon the one dimensional sequence of a mindasings in the in the protein and the wandermentional secrets are minerasins depends upon the wundermential secrets of DNA which is what are or talking about Now the three delicial structure of a protein.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: effects that they have on the enzymes, the proteins, which control embryonic development, which in turn controls whether or not the genes survive. And the important thing about a protein is its three-dimensional structure, because that determines its catalytic properties, its enzymic properties. And the three-dimensional structure of a protein depends upon the one-dimensional sequence of a minor acid in the protein, and the one-dimensional sequence of a minor acid depends upon the one-dimensional sequence of DNA, which is what we're all talking about now the three-dimensional structure of a protein took a

기존 자동전사: Took a very very long time to work out. When people didn't buy exery christopher. You that's what was going on in the nineteen sixty seven uh the early parent at your talking about and one by one and the huge F people would secreds it's sere little hemarbine or my lobby.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: very very long time to work out when people did it by x-ray crystallography that's what was going on in the 1960s 70s the early period that you're talking about and one by one and a huge effort people would sequence insulin or hemoglobin or my What's

기존 자동전사: What's. Happened recently is that artificial intelligence. Has discovered how to predict.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: happened recently is that artificial intelligence has discovered how to predict the

기존 자동전사: The three demetional structure of a protein knowing only the one dementional sequence of I'm mine about which in turn departions upon the one vetial secrens. DNA. So they the artificial intelligence programcle.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: three-dimensional structure of a protein knowing only the one-dimensional sequence of amino acids, which in turn depends upon the one-dimensional sequence of DNA. So the artificial intelligence program called

기존 자동전사: Uh Alfapho. Very recently has proved itself as able to predict a three demential structure. Or a prefer it magnificent rates that is something quite frontustic.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: AlphaFold very recently has proved itself as able to predict the three-dimensional structure of a protein. And that is a magnificent breakthrough. That is something quite fantastic. It

기존 자동전사: It were revolution is. Minson everythings are also somethings like.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: will revolutionize medicine, agriculture, all sorts of things like that. That's such an amazing benefit coming from AI.

기존 자동전사: Uh as a feather all these provides in the past that figure if you write this book again with you formulated anything differently.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: So given all this progress in the past 50 years, if you write this book again, would you formulate anything differently? I

기존 자동전사: I would not change the fundamental idea that they use of natural selection is the gee. That is prove that we owes good true um and it is the correct. Way to look at diwine your natural selection and dying your natural selection is the correct solution to winded in things uh the way that they are so that morning change what would change is the details on how genes affect.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: would not change the fundamental idea that the unit of natural selection is the gene. That is true, that will always be true, and it is the correct way to look at Darwinian natural selection, and Darwinian natural selection is the correct solution to why living things are the way that they are. So that wouldn't change. what would change is the details of how genes affect embryology

기존 자동전사: MBC and hands that survival prospects and that was never parch of the book in any case that was not my subject but so that would be um the major changes that have happens. The self james risen with fifty years and gover. I'm pretty confident but uh in.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: and hence their survival prospects and that was never part of the book in any case that was not my subject but so that would be the major changes that have happened since The Selfish Gene was written 50 years ago but I'm pretty confident that in 50

기존 자동전사: Fifty one years and the self fifty mets is hundreds university. The fundomental message was told me the safe.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: more years when the selfish gene reaches its 100th anniversary the fundamental message will still be the same great

기존 자동전사: 그레이츠 OK But not like to look from Gene's too means uh. So one of the ideas are from this self it's a last chapter. Uh that as cape the science and entered a popular curature that was a concept of the mean are you were originally supposed it as away of the thinking about cultural units.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: okay but now let's move from genes to millions so one of the ideas from the selfish gene is the last chapter that escaped science and entered a popular culture that was the concept of the moon you originally proposed it as a way of thinking about cultural units that

기존 자동전사: They. Replicated and we ball and today needs a spread around the world. Almost instantously alreasings influence which ideas people in commerce and AI can generate enormous numbers of a new culture variations.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: replicate and evolve. And today new means spread around the world almost instantaneously. Algorithms influence which ideas people encounter and AI can generate enormous numbers of new cultural variations. So

기존 자동전사: 그래서 Give this the dischange uh the way you think about cultural evolution
원음 기반 새 자동전사: given this, does this change the way you think about cultural evolution? I

기존 자동전사: I wanted having developted the books this helps of seen to the idea that the gees the youtube to selection to generallized the idea to the replicator. DNA is only one kind of replicate one kind of view in which makes the coffees of itself. What's your eugenage makes coffee of itself.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: wanted having devoted the book The Selfish Gene to the idea that the gene is the unit of selection to generalize the idea to the replicator. DNA is only one kind of replicator, one kind of unit which makes copies of itself. Once you have a unit which makes copies of itself,

기존 자동전사: It's almost bound to make mistakes some times. And sometimes those mistakes will survive better than others. What's work happens in the windion natural selection with factor Gees.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: it's almost bound to make mistakes sometimes. And sometimes those mistakes will survive better than others. That's what happens in Darwinian natural selection with respect to genes, I wanted

기존 자동전사: I wanted to say it doesn't have to be geese. Anywhere in the univers. Where there are self coffeeing enterties where there are replicateds and to make coffees of themselves you have the potential.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: to say it doesn't have to be genes. Anywhere in the universe where there are self-copying entities, where there are replicators which make copies of themselves, you have the potential for a

기존 자동전사: For a kind of darwin carces. I don't need to go outside this world in order to discover something like that because paps we have a new reprecay. Staring using the face in the form of a country replication.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: kind of Darwinian process. But we don't need to go outside this world in order to discover something like that Because perhaps we have a new replicator staring us in the face in the form of a cultural replicator. Something that

기존 자동전사: Something that is coffee from graying to brain by the precess of imitation and that is a mean It doesn't have to be from brain to brain it can be from computer to computer So computer virals. Uh and example of means and if confused variesis have been invented at the time I would reviews that as a good example the internet provides and amazing eco system in which means can survive and spread to there's no doubt told that means exist. There's there's some doubt as to weather they form the basis of a kind of dominion selection.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: is copied from brain to brain by the process of imitation. And that is a meme. It doesn't have to be from brain to brain. It can be from computer to computer. So computer viruses are an example of memes. And if computer viruses have been invented at the time, I would have used that as a good example. the Internet provides an amazing ecosystem in which memes can survive and spread. So there's no doubt at all that memes exist. There's only some doubt as to whether they form the basis of a kind of Darwinian selection.

기존 자동전사: Um things like uh habits of dress habits of speeche. Uh catch tunes that kind of thing which. Spread because they are spread a bool they are popular tubes their popular clothes fassions their popular dance steps their popular ways of speaking um these bread in a kind of going on way.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Things like habits of dress, habits of speech, catchy tunes, that kind of thing which spread because they are spreadable, their popular tunes, their popular clothes fashions, their popular dance steps, their popular ways of speaking, they spread in a kind of Darwinian way. Whether

기존 자동전사: Weather that gives rise to something more aballoguest to biological evolution I'm not sure sure I think they do and I think that the internet is providing a as I said a very further ground for the spreaded means in a kind of new new dominion evolution.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: that gives rise to something more analogous to biological evolution, I'm not so sure. I think they do, and I think that the Internet is providing a, as I said, a very fertile ground for the spread of memes in a kind of new Darwinian evolution. So

기존 자동전사: So in the this old does AI ever zooms in this entrance. Do you see this is a possible part of a control evolution or there's a news froms or any anything beyond the a culture evolution.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: in these old AI algorithms, etc., do you see this as a part of a cultural evolution, or there's a new form, or anything beyond the cultural evolution? I think

기존 자동전사: I think that the new audificial intelligence is which we are all talking about large days are 8. New innovation um The idea of premuseum far is is all of partner of this conference if you look back at the various promision learnings which um half affected this planet there things like the origin of life itself uh the origin of the UKotic cell kind of cell that were all made over the bateria are not. The urgent of maltey celerality.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: that the new artificial intelligences which we are all talking about nowadays are a quite fantastic new innovation. The idea of Promethean fire is all part of this conference. If you look back at the various Promethean moments which have affected this planet, there are things like the origin of life itself, the origin of the eukaryotic cell, this kind of cell that we're all made of and bacteria are not. The origin of multicellularity, many cell

기존 자동전사: Many cell body does a support of single cell bodies when you come tone? The original of the nerva system and communication within the body I think one of the most important break throughs was the orgeon of language which only humans have other animals have other means of communication. Languages.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: bodies as opposed to single cell bodies. When you come to the origin of the nervous system and communication within the body, I think one of the most important breakthroughs was the origin of language, which only humans have. Other animals have other means of communication, but language is something

기존 자동전사: Something you need. 안에 아 프린팅 Another major water shed event. The internet and lovable.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: unique. and then printing another major watershed event the internet another one but AI

기존 자동전사: AI. The major topically of this conference. I think is a huge innovation which is which has the potential to completely change.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: the major topic of this conference I think is a huge innovation which is which has the potential to completely change the

기존 자동전사: The evaluationary. Process. Mountain receives the strong amerial in bristin has speculated if we ever encounter extrataristral samulizations.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: evolutionary process. Martin Rees, the astronomer royal in Britain, has speculated that if we ever encounter extraterrestrial civilizations, civilizations

기존 자동전사: Siverilizations of Alians from out's space. It will very likely not be the originally revolved Alians. We're probably beat their own arts their own artificial creations their own artificial intelligence.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: of aliens from outer space, it will very likely not be the originally evolved aliens, it will probably be their own artifacts, their own artificial creations, their own artificial intelligences. If

기존 자동전사: If other cipilizations ever encounter are siverlization. It probably will be after we are to exting and all this left of us is our AIs in our artificial intelligences which are carrying on the touch of human college.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: other civilizations ever encounter our civilization, it probably will be after we are all extinct and all that's left of us is our AI, our artificial intelligences, which are carrying on the torch of human culture. Thank

기존 자동전사: 땡큐 Let me not change a living different still AI. Uh but I like to uh they have your opinions about some other parts of AI. Um I.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: you. Let me now change a little bit different, still AI, but I'd like to have your opinions about some other parts of AI. Until

기존 자동전사: Soba been until revisionity arability district. Uh using chat GPT but I stided using. And often I feel like I'm having conversation with uh.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: recently, I really existed using chat GPT, but I started using, and often I feel like I'm having a conversation with

기존 자동전사: Human beauty and that's whitescare. Very uncomfortable. As so I like to uh have a universal understanding or your experiences and what does.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: human beings, and that's quite scary, very uncomfortable. So I'd like to have some understanding of your experiences and what does

기존 자동전사: Then mean
원음 기반 새 자동전사: that mean? I

기존 자동전사: I have had experience of two of these large language models um chat GPT and to crawl. By what they can do um I
원음 기반 새 자동전사: have had experience of two of these large language models, ChatGPT and Claude. I am completely bowled over by what they can do. I find that when I'm conversing with them I might as well be talking to not just a human being but a highly intelligent, sensitive, intuitive human

기존 자동전사: Human really whose speed about understanding was I'm trying to say it's far greater than an animal human beings is um. But more eastic things untilitive things I'm trying to ride in novel. And I have Giving my notal to burst chap PT and cloud and uh uh they talk about five seconds readage.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: being whose speed of understanding what I'm trying to say is far greater than a normal human being's is. not just practically useful things like writing programs, and of course they're very good at that, but more aesthetic things, intuitive things. I'm trying to write a novel, and I have given my novel to both Chad B.T. and Claude, and they took about five seconds to read it, and then offered

기존 자동전사: Offered me criticisum suggestions. Of such a high degree of intelligence and intuitly sensitivity. That's our much has well have been asking the opinion of 8 highly phystigated professor of lifeuture.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: me criticism suggestions of such a high degree of intelligence and intuitive sensitivity that I might as well have been asking the opinion of a highly sophisticated professor of literature I

기존 자동전사: 아 I couldn't not ask for a more intelligent criticy who understood the newsis Of my characters the humanity of my characters leave. The ways in which my characters could be expected to react to each other and to Situations. So I Find they quite hard to imagine That that these creaturess on locked away are not conscious in the same kind of way we are I'm that is an unfassionable view uh that the fashional will be with the vay are competely on the continuest while there do it is threely was together.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: could not ask for a more intelligent critic who understood the nuances of my characters, the humanity of my characters, the ways in which my characters could be expected to react to each other and to situations. So I find it quite hard to imagine that these creatures are not aware, are not conscious in the same kind of way we are. And that is an unfashionable view. The fashionable view is that they are completely unconscious, that all they're doing is stringing words together according

기존 자동전사: According to statistical rules marcovially at rules of some sort. Um. Many people who say that.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: to statistical rules, Markovian rules of some sort. Many people who say that then

기존 자동전사: There are agree. Admit that one day in the future they will be concientous. But not yet to which my retorages when that happens when that day comes how will you know What could they possibly do that's any different from what they do now to convince you that they are
원음 기반 새 자동전사: agree, admit, that one day in the future they will be conscious, but not yet. To which my retort is, when that happens, when that day comes, how will you know? What could they possibly do that's any different from what they do now to convince you that they are conscious. Would there be

기존 자동전사: Rethere but any ways to uh test for the there are conscious are not while will think.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: any ways to test whether they are conscious or not? What would that be?

기존 자동전사: 아 뭐야? I don't hearing the great uh mathematician code breaker uh in nineteen fifty road to favorite payful called the invitation game or something like that uh in which he asked a question um um up about testing for intelligence in an artificial machine is the lose days in course artificial machines were no where near um intelligent in the sense of these ones today are and he devices to sort experience in which you imagine that you're be sitting in a room. With in those days it would be in a telepheness and imagine a telefriend communicating with an enterate in a different room.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Well, Alan Turing, the great mathematician, the code breaker, in 1950 wrote a famous paper called The Imitation Game or something like that, in which he asked a question about testing for intelligence in artificial machines. In those days, of course, artificial machines were nowhere near intelligent in the sense that these ones today are. And he devised a thought experiment in which he imagined that you'd be sitting in a room with, in those days it would have been a teleprinter, so he imagined a teleprinter communicating with entity in a different room and

기존 자동전사: You have to decid. What's that engage is an intelligent being intelligent thinking continues being or not my conversing with it. And 아 He enplive that if you couldn't tell you different between a human and a computer then in the confusion was conscious.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: you have to decide whether that entity is an intelligent being intelligent thinking consciously or not by conversing with it and he implied that if you couldn't tell the difference between a human and a computer, then the computer was conscious.

기존 자동전사: 아 Imagine his pot of his forgiament. That you might try to catch these saying out by asking it. To right a pone he suggested right a sun it about the fourth bridge which is a great big uh nineteen century bridge uh in instance.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: He imagined, as part of his thought experiment, that you might try to catch the thing out by asking it to write a poem. He suggested write a sonnet about the fourth bridge, which is a great big 19th century bridge in Scotland.

기존 자동전사: Um well in those days that was pine in the sky the ideas of machine for right. A senseive point about before fridge. I ask 클로드 드라이브 표현 About in fourth bridge.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Well, in those days that was pie in the sky, the idea that a machine could write a sensitive poem about the fourth bridge. I asked Claude to write a poem about the fourth bridge and

기존 자동전사: And produced a beautiful point. In about two seconds. And um as soon it.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: produced a beautiful poem in about two seconds and a sonnet. And

기존 자동전사: And I vent said well words scockland. So let's ask it to 라이프 노트 In English but in scotts which is to dial robert burns. Just it's a direct of English.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I then said, well, we're in Scotland, so let's ask it to write... not in English, but in Scots, which is the dialect of Robert Burns. It's a dialect of English. And it

기존 자동전사: And it did that very busy is well then there was a scottish poet cold william magonible. Who is notorious as the worst poet to ever lived And Uh his his policy is cruelly truly apporing which in the various interesting way. So I said right position about before bridge in the style of william Mgonago.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: did that very beautifully as well. Then there was a Scottish poet called William McGonagall, who is notorious as the worst poet who ever lived. And his poetry is truly, truly appalling, but in a very interesting way. So I said... write a sonnet about the fourth bridge in the style of William McGonagall, and

기존 자동전사: And it did that very well as well then I tried rugeted kiplying and I tried join piece. And I try john witchmont um every time it produced a points which was Recognizedly confusive with the ports. Concert.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: it did that very well as well. Then I tried Rudyard Kipling, and I tried John Keats, and I tried John Beachman. Every time it produced a poem which was recognizably confusable with the poets concerned.

기존 자동전사: So these creatures pass of the tearing test with flying commerce. And my question to repeat is if you believe that one day they will be consent what test can you possibly appright for them in the future which they cannot already pass today.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: So these creatures... pass the Turing test with flying colors. And my question to repeat it is, if you believe that one day they will be conscious, what test can you possibly apply to them in the future, which they cannot already pass today? You laid your question, but from an evolutionary perspective, what aspects

기존 자동전사: What aspects of AI. Do you think we should really have pain the most location to
원음 기반 새 자동전사: of AI do you think we should be paying the most attention to?

기존 자동전사: Well I suppose we need to worry about weather's going to take over and make us redound to night employed early that they probably wood when. I said that uh if alliance the um ever could ever disever discover life on this planity probably will be uh artificial life rather than uh natural life. So a lot of people now um very concern I think we've good reason.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Well, I suppose we need to worry about whether they are going to take over and make us redundant, and I implied earlier that they probably would, but I said that if aliens ever discover life on this planet, it probably will be... artificial life rather than natural life so a lot of people now are very concerned i think with good reason that

기존 자동전사: Um that. We are on the threshshode of a quite stumps revolution and it's very hard to predict. What are the fact that what had on human society and many people are very worriedly facts.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: we are on the threshold of a quite stupendous revolution and it's very hard to predict what effect that will have on human society and many people are very worried that the effects will not

기존 자동전사: You're not to be the line um uh and even we may all be made redundone. We may be with a made superfuse um and the lot of people are worried about this and trying to think aways in which to um exist. With these features.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: be benign We may all be made redundant, we may be made superfluous, and a lot of people are worried about this and trying to think of ways in which to coexist with these creatures. Certainly this is one of our main topic for this forum, I think it's really continuous issues for us. Now

기존 자동전사: No let me change another. Uh the topfic gets your very well. The science communication and public associated trustday.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: let me change to another topic that you are very well known for, the science communication and public trust area.

기존 자동전사: So you have a head and extra order any ability to take a very complex scientific ideas and make them accessive to a million of people without losing the underline science. Uh their challenges a poculately important that today. Uh when miss information can spread a fester than scientific.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: So you have had an extra orderly ability to take very complex scientific ideas and make them accessible to millions of people without losing the underlying science. That challenge seems particularly important today. when misinformation can spread faster than scientific knowledge

기존 자동전사: And AI is making easier than ever to 저희가 이제 클린스 인포메이션 So on my pussion to use a what responsibility to scientious that have to communicate the direction with the public in in this kind. Of eminence.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: and AI is making it easier than ever to create convincing information that isn't true. So my question to you is what responsibility do scientists have to communicate directly with the public in this kind of environment? Science is

기존 자동전사: Silence is beautiful is wonderful. And uh every sciences to wish to convey that to as many people as possible um 커뮤니케이션 Of it is difficult. Uh.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: beautiful. Science is wonderful. and every scientist should wish to convey that to as many people as possible. Communication of it is difficult. There

기존 자동전사: Their various ways in which people tried to do it. Um I have been um Uh about credit or what I call the car seven approach. To uh conveying the wonder of science which is to stress the world wander.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: are various ways in which people try to do it. I have been an advocate of what I call the Carl Sagan approach. to conveying the wonder of science, which is to stress the word wonder and to

기존 자동전사: And to um not. Ordinary. Um I call that the normal stick frying paund school of sun is communication.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: not try to make it too friendly and mundane and ordinary. I call that the non-stick frying pan school of science communication,

기존 자동전사: Well you say looksands is over and friendly um with the seven the space race. Can really dejustified by the nonstick frying hand. As a house hold by product.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: where you say, look, science is all good and friendly, even the space race. can really be justified by the non-stick frying pan as a household by-product of

기존 자동전사: Of the space rakes. Now the space races or about something much more ground and that much more exciting in that it's about exploring the univers. So uh that's one um 레슨 원 I'm educated I want put forward when I'm talking about science is to be it to raise the sense of one one roving on the sense of mountain.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: the space race. No, the space race is all about something much more grand than that, much more exciting than that. It's about exploring the universe. So that's one lesson, one... advocacy that I would put forward when talking about science is to raise the sense of wonder rather than the sense of mundane

기존 자동전사: Ordinary inness. And not a thing uh not this for hunt of I will give the people trying to communicate not just size to communicate. Anything any academic subject.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: ordinariness. Another thing, another sort of hint that I would give to people trying to communicate, not just science, to communicate anything, any academic subject, is

기존 자동전사: Is struggled strive to be understood. Do not strive to impress people. Do not language up.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: struggle, strive to be understood. Do not strive to impress people. Do not language up your

기존 자동전사: Your words to impress them with how good you are addusing long words that nobody can understand. Um too many communications off. Academic subjects.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: words to impress them with how good you are at using long words that nobody can understand. Too many communicators of academic subjects like

기존 자동전사: Like to sound of skill because it makes them field clever it makes them feel high up and advance. Don't do that tried to be under struggled to be understood. Open a page of charles darming Immediately realized your usually into a great mind the preparess of the great mine but also your assured into the presents of somebody really really want to be understood.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: to sound obscure because it makes them feel clever, it makes them feel high up and advanced. Don't do that. Try to be understood. Struggle to be understood. If you read, open a page of Charles Darwin, immediately you realise you are ushered into a great mind, the presence of a great mind, but also you are ushered into the presence of somebody who really, really wanted to be understood. He's

기존 자동전사: He's struggling. Striving. Jing is utmost.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: struggling, striving, doing his utmost to be

기존 자동전사: To be If you go to a conference. And you can't understand the world that somebody is saying. Asked yourself requestions is this person showing off.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: understood. If you go to a conference and you can't understand a word that somebody is saying, Ask yourself the question, is this person showing off?

기존 자동전사: Is this person trying. To impress me with how even did he is and how abscore his subject is 아 don't invent I try to make him something this understandable as possible. The frice physics center has been coin.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Is this person trying to impress me with how learned he is and how obscure his subject is? Don't do that. Try to make him subject as understandable as possible. The phrase physics envy has been coined. Physics

기존 자동전사: Physics is a genurely difficult subject motion physics is jenually mysterious. It doesn't need any additional obscurent. There are other academic somethings which are actually really mother simple.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: is a genuinely difficult subject. Modern physics is genuinely mysterious. it doesn't need any additional obscurantism. There are other academic subjects which are actually really rather simple but

기존 자동전사: But their practicions. Uh envious of physics and wish that there's all that was a bit more obskile the mediaes. And therefore try to language art and make it more difficult.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: their practitioners are envious of physics and wish that their subject was a bit more obscure than it is and therefore try to language it up and make it more difficult to

기존 자동전사: To understand. As I say don't do that.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: understand. As I say, don't do that. I'm a thesis and I've been making a lot of mistakes in them as well. You know, I've been also trying to do better how to communicate. It is very hard in fact. You have

기존 자동전사: Have a tell you and it difficult something. You're other subjects which you're not genering in a difficult and there's practicion as pretended that they are.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: a genuinely difficult subject. There are other subjects which are not genuinely difficult and their practitioners pretend that they are. But again, you know,

기존 자동전사: Again you know did I stow my self. So never to be younger it can't really made you on the showing off of also but not knowing deep enough. So.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I saw myself when I was younger. it kind of really maybe I'll be showing off also not knowing deep enough

기존 자동전사: I don't I don't even know how to say something much simple way. But really somebody hockey is to plan your simple way without losing the science. That's actually very very that means that person knows the subject much a deper.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: so I don't I didn't even know how to say something much a simple way but really somebody who can explain in a simple way without losing the science that's actually very very that means that person knows the subject much deeper so

기존 자동전사: So I've happy quiz. I don't
원음 기반 새 자동전사: that requires do you do you understand quantum physics because I know that many physicists admit that they don't understand that, but they still do the math. Right,

기존 자동전사: Right. Stude do the matt still comfusing. It's something days I feel I enchange a feather.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: still do the math, still confusing. Some days I feel I understand better than

기존 자동전사: That's another day. So uh again you know it is a continueous struggle. I've really underchange.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: some other days. So again, it is a continuous struggle of really understanding

기존 자동전사: You did fundamental meaning of under.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: the fundamental meaning of quantum physics. From an evolutionary

기존 자동전사: Revolution reporting view our varance were never boat to understand from mechanics our brains were never built to understand renaltivity our brains were build. To understand how to hunt will the beast and to dig for two buss and routes and find a good place to spend the light and the good place to find a water. What is truger remarkful actually is that our brains having been later reselected to survive on the efficent.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: point of view, our brains were never built. to understand quantum mechanics. Our brains were never built to understand relativity. Our brains were built to understand how to hunt wildebeest and to dig for tubers and roots and find a good place to spend the night and a good place to find water. What is truly remarkable actually is that our brains having been naturally selected to survive on the African

기존 자동전사: Plains nevertheless Find themselves papable of making a pretty good fist of understanding things as difficult as relativeity and quantum mechanics
원음 기반 새 자동전사: plains nevertheless find themselves capable of making a pretty good fist of understanding things as difficult as relativity and quantum mechanics.

기존 자동전사: Yes. Oh what I can't not like i understand a while yes travel you have because because I netterly I liked it's not understand all this alexisfort I interesting point. No let me move to us like a difference as a subject as patiely uh this time uh in the world that there are there are a lot of calending issues.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Yes, well actually now I understand why we are struggling because we are naturally selected not to understand all the subjects. It's very interesting point. Now let me move to a slightly different subject, especially this time in the world. There are a lot of challenging issues. There

기존 자동전사: There are a lot of joy of policy computations as I have a one of questioned later to that uh the science hasbing uh historically want of the great forces aport international of the international colevation I I'm really know my subject in my works is urge in. Mans uh international television because you not one country into all. 아 그래서 AI and Quantum 컴퓨팅 바이오 Technology and as technologies and can increasing.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: are a lot of geopolitical competitions. So I have one question related to that. Science has been historically one of the great forces for international collaboration. I'm really my subject and my work is to demand international collaboration because not one country can do all. So as AI and quantum computing, biotechnology, etc., all these technologies become increasingly tied

기존 자동전사: I'm high to message security and and gyopolitical competition What do you think we risk louising if a scientific conpedition. Comes at the expense of the scienti.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: to national security and geopolitical competition, what do you think we risk losing if scientific competition increasingly comes at the expense of scientific collaboration?

기존 자동전사: I didn't quite understand the question
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I didn't quite understand the question.

기존 자동전사: So that question is that um you don't cause the competitions are very important actor that house and and that important the engines of for. Science progressing in the centra. But also are uh declaration is in very important because you know resources and experitys I nemeded as we get to work together to make it really major size progress.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: So the question is that, you know, of course the competition is a very important factor that helps and that important engines for science progress and etc. But also the collaboration is very important because, you know, resources and expertise are limited so we have to work together to make really major science progress. Now the

기존 자동전사: Now the question is that incurrent inviral because a lot of technological conditions between countries and all that. So uh I'm woring that in this kind of invirment of competed is between countries. 아 네.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: question is that in the current environment because a lot of technological competitions between countries and all that. So I'm worrying that in this kind of environment of competitiveness between countries, we

기존 자동전사: 진짜 위약 무우징 사이티픽 콜레브레이션 오브 아이 마이크 Any thought and with them. You have and how we can uh balance. This uh community is some time for
원음 기반 새 자동전사: are using some of the scientific collaboration. So my question is if any thought and wisdom you have and how we can balance. I

기존 자동전사: I think you take it is about it. Because I'm on the one hand. Uh science has to be collecting under texas more than one person and mother must successful sun take breakfast have been a cheap my groups of people and get on gold together.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: think it is a balance isn't it because on the one hand science has to be collaborative and it takes more than one person and one of the most successful scientific breakthroughs have been achieved by groups of people who get on well together Watson

기존 자동전사: Um what's an crackingly and the DNA they were they were up and amazing team um about about each other um in your sample I I think I'm right on saying that teams of Maybe even hundreds of people.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: and Crick and the DNA they were an amazing team bounced off each other in your subject I think I'm right in saying that teams of maybe even hundreds of people. And

기존 자동전사: 나오잖아요. 비밀
원음 기반 새 자동전사: thousands of people. Yes,

기존 자동전사: 안 계셨어요. Um and and it is very difficult. And your talking about.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: are working together and the person who gets the Nobel Prize is the one who, I don't know, applied for the grant in the first place or something rather than actually... And it is very difficult. You're talking about competition

기존 자동전사: Competition between nations also compution between altanted groups and of santistus. Um compution can be very helpful um. 음 And the double hignics of the race for the governtics was spared by Computation between there's different different groups um on the other hand cooperation is also important turned um many santa small deposited their data on the internet for others to read and so um as you say it is it is a valance and my business towards the operation round competition that I think those makes.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: between nations. Of course there's also competition between alternative groups of scientists. Competition can be very helpful. The double helix, the race for the double helix was spurred by competition between various different groups. On the other hand, cooperation is also important and many scientists now deposit their data on the internet for others to read and so, as you say, it is a balance and might bias is towards cooperation rather than... competition but i think both may be important right indeed i mean especially my further concern is

기존 자동전사: This menulations because of all the AI or pont any sort of uh security reasons and a lot of geopolitical conputition they really hurts uh that more gening scientific colerations of that that's of uh my concerner. 예스. OK So uh you manctions a living of while ago that uh you're not uh so I heard that to go right and novel.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: many nations because of all the ai or quantum any sort of security reasons and a lot of geopolitical competition that really hurts with more genuine scientific collaborations and that was of my concern yes Okay, so you mentioned a little while ago that you're a novel. So I hear that you're writing a novel.

기존 자동전사: And and uh So so what happened. Is that something you cannot uh
원음 기반 새 자동전사: So what happened? You're now turning into fiction. Is there something you cannot do with it? Okay,

기존 자동전사: OK 영어 Woman santistus to wants to reserciate. Uh an exting human species. Uh home directors and uh so it's it's the strongest the drama of her struggle or to bring to life.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: it's a science fiction novel. And it's about a young woman, a scientist, who wants to resuscitate an extinct human species, Homo erectus. And so it's the drama of her struggle to bring to life Homo

기존 자동전사: Commeral directors uh and um I'm spread much finished but this the critics of viral and the pretty size of I'm. Getting off my characters don't have enough. Individuality they all sun like me.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: erectus. And I'm pretty much finished because... The criticism that I'm getting are that my characters don't have enough individuality. They all sound like me. Is

기존 자동전사: 이대로보다
원음 기반 새 자동전사: that what your Chet TPT and Claude

기존 자동전사: 몰랐습니다. Yes. I'm I think I think that's wrong.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: said? Yes, I think that's wrong. I think they

기존 자동전사: I think they they are different and I feel there. This december that um but you get you. I can't tell you rising a lower it's more difficult my thing like you.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: are different and I think that Claude and Chet TPT deserve that. I can tell you, writing a novel is more difficult than you might think.

have enough individuality they all sound like me yes I mean I think I think that's wrong I think they are different and I think that Claude and Chatty Bt deserve that but I can tell you writing a novel is more difficult you might think I haven't realized how difficult it is. So how do you bring them in the modern world, is that right?

기존 자동전사: I have had realized how difficulty to this
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I haven't realised how difficult it is. So

기존 자동전사: So hobby it's so down coming green them in the martial world right in your And the future. 아 하드디어 퓨처 People react with a review.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: how do you bring them in the modern world, is that right? In your novel? A little bit in the future. In the future. How do those future people react? Yes,

기존 자동전사: Yes. I'm on I'm not I'm not rangured what one ring. What I'm time to president to be a future missed start.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I'm not very good at wondering what I mean, I'm trying to bring in a little bit of futuristic stuff.

기존 자동전사: Um. 음 My heaven does um concerch and and a futuristic AI agony art to try to get advice her on her over love life. And so um I make a little concession to AI there.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: And my heroine does consult a futuristic AI agony aunt to try to advise her on her own love life. And so I make a little concession to AI there. So

기존 자동전사: 그래서 1세대 that's almost finished when it is kind of be public.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: you said it's almost finished. When it's going to be published?

기존 자동전사: We will sort of his feather. I'm gonna make it better before. I can't give it to a public I think.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Well, it sort of is finished. I've got to make it better before I can give it to a publisher, I think. And when will it be translated into Korean? It will

기존 자동전사: It's report about me translate into Korean before any other language new recordings is a good in.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: probably be translated into Korean before any other language. We

기존 자동전사: Wordard looking forward to maybe AI can translated 2.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: are very looking forward to it. Maybe AI can translate that too.

기존 자동전사: 네. I will love we're you want to problem a real human print provide.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Oh no, we want a real human product. What

기존 자동전사: Yeah what what love are things you are most a curious about these days. Besides right now.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: are things you are most curious about these days, besides writing novels?

기존 자동전사: I've very curious about to the origin of life. Which is which is the major. 엄마 멀쩡히 맨날 웬 라이프 케이크 Possible maybe that it only have a lot this plank.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I'm very curious about the origin of life, which is the major moment when life became possible. And it may be that it only happened on this planet.

기존 자동전사: I can't believe that I think you toply happened to logs a different plantic around the road. Um was it clearly was I have a lot in probable chemical event. Um the event was the origin of the first self replicating monicing the first moreculate.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I don't believe that. I think it probably happened on lots of different planets around the world. But it clearly was an improbable chemical event. The event was the origin of the first self-replicating molecule. The first molecule that

기존 자동전사: That made a coffee of itself Flows and mistakes in a word. Once you brought that. Then you have the possibility for the inception of the dowin process um nobody knows how it happened on this planch.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: made a copy of itself, flaws and all, mistakes and all. Once you've got that, then you have the possibility for the inception of the Darwinian process. Nobody knows how it happened on this planet. Nobody

기존 자동전사: Novilly knows whether it happened more than once around the university startistically it seemed highly probable what you did happened more ones around the university. If you're wanna those people who thinks that we are you need in the university. Then that permittest you to the belief that the origent of life on this plant.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: knows whether it happened more than once around the universe. Statistically, it seems highly probable that it did happen more than once around the universe. If you're one of those people who thinks that we are unique in the universe, then that permits you to the belief that the origin of life on this planet was

기존 자동전사: Was a quite stagaringly improble. Chemical. Event.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: a quite staggeringly improbable chemical event.

기존 자동전사: I don't really have I believe was a fairly impromable event. But. Not very improbable and that means.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I don't believe that. I believe it was a fairly improbable event, but not very improbable. And that means that

기존 자동전사: Not there must be life elsewhere in the university of the lots of myth elsewhere and the universal but even several it may be so space down. That in. Various incounters another example elsewhere in the univers.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: there must be life elsewhere in the universe. probably lots of life elsewhere in the universe, but even so, it may be so spaced out that it very seldom encounters another example elsewhere in the universe. When

기존 자동전사: When do you think you know that lot of people are studying it doing research on the original life. I want you make taken to be a song
원음 기반 새 자동전사: do you think, I know that a lot of people are studying and doing research on the origin of life, how long it may take until we get some glimpse? of what's going on? It's not obvious how we'll know. I mean, it happened a very long time ago, so we may never know for certain how it happened. Probably the best we can hope for is a chemical model which

기존 자동전사: Which is supprovable. We'll be saying yes that such a clothes. It must have been something like that.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: is so plausible that we say, yes, that's such a plausible model, it must have been something like that.

기존 자동전사: I present the best guess the most. Popular guess is so cold RNA world where the origin the first self retrieing morecul was not DNA. But possible the RNA 시대에서 They related modicule seen in a molacular um In the way that protein does so DNA is an excellent replicator but it needs an enzyne approteen ends I'm in order to do so And let's have catch twenty two.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: At present, the best guess, the most popular guess is the so-called RNA world, where the origin, the first self-reptivating molecule... was not DNA, but possibly RNA, which is a related molecule, a similar molecule, but which has the additional capacity not only to replicate, but also to catalyze in the way that protein does. So DNA is an excellent replicator, but it needs an enzyme, a protein enzyme, in order to do so. And that's a cat 22.

기존 자동전사: RNA is both a replicator not a very good replicate what it is a replicator and enzyne not a very good enzine but you can actually enjoysine. So you can perform those rose. So the idea is that the origin was RNA.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: RNA is both a replicator, not a very good replicator, but it is a replicator, and an enzyme, not a very good enzyme, but it can act as an enzyme, so it can perform both roles. So the idea is that the origin was RNA, that

기존 자동전사: That perform both directing and the capitolitic road. And then DNA result the reprecation road and protein useup.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: performed both the replicating and the catalytic role, and then DNA usurped the replication role, and protein usurped the... the catalytic role.

기존 자동전사: The listing to uh you are descriptions. AI can help. You know there are very different kind of marthers are you're not tried out.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: So listening to your descriptions just came to mind how much AI can help you know there are very different kind of models you want to try out

기존 자동전사: 그래서 I can imagine. AI.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I can imagine AI could be quite beneficial for trying...

기존 자동전사: I think you're right yes that's that's a very good point.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: I think you're right yes that's a very good point.

기존 자동전사: OK So I see the uh clock is a almost of the uh a minute and and uh let me uh just first about uh just as uh very my honor to even sitting this uh uh the stage in and any this conversation with you and I can I think you know call. Coming to Korea and and being with this and for you very engazing the conversation and dooring demons so I think you. That's giving a come up beat brondo.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Okay so I see the clock is... almost a minute left and let me just first of all this is a very my honor to even sitting in this stage and having this conversation with you and I cannot thank you enough for coming to Korea and being with us and for very engaging the conversation and your remarks so thank you let's give the team a big round of applause

기존 자동전사: So ah. There's one of corporal you mike. Uh so fifty years of life I mean.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Just want a couple of remarks. So 50 years ago, as I mentioned,

기존 자동전사: Uh this uh selfish a gene. Gave us a power of new way to think about a volume education and information and I also want a reminder that's after yeah that this years version. Uh.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: this selfish gene gave us a powerful new way to think about evolution, replication, and information. And I also want to remind you that this year's version, the 12

기존 자동전사: 아 네 네. 네트워크 클라우드. So today we find outself at a moment.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: o'clock 30 book signing event. So today we find ourselves at a moment when

So, just want a couple of remarks, so 50 years ago, as I mentioned, this selfish gene gave us a powerful new way to think about evolution, replication, and information, and I also want to remind you that this year's version, the 12 o'clock authority book signing event. So today we find ourselves at a moment when information is evolving at extraordinary speed and when we are creating machines that can participate in

기존 자동전사: When information is evolving and extra older his speed. And when we are creating machines that can park his speak in the process and ways we are only beginning to understand. That brings us back to one of the pressing copics face passing us today.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: information is evolving at extraordinary speed. and when we are creating machines that can participate in the process in ways we are only beginning to understand. That brings us back to one of the pressing topics facing us today, how

기존 자동전사: How we income in sure that beneficial uses of AI and avoid or mutigate the negative in actual that's why uh events of such at that this explorent are so important. Uh. They bring together people across a feels to examin this discussion discussed at issue and discuss and tried to come up the with the basis half.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: we ensure the beneficial uses of AI and avoid or mitigate the negative impacts. That's why events such as this week's forum are so important. They bring together people across the fields to examine this discussion, discuss an issue, and discuss and try to come up with the best path forward.

기존 자동전사: Forward. Um reached dyno your coming to chicavery october. And I look for the seen new bear.
원음 기반 새 자동전사: Richard, I know you are coming to Chicago in October, and I look forward to seeing you there.

기존 자동전사: And once again at skiving up beat round of a clothes and and let's support
원음 기반 새 자동전사: And once again, let's give a big round of applause, and let's applaud this session.